Disease Atlas / Disease detail

Neuroblastoma

A patient and research atlas of tumor origin, risk groups, multimodal treatment, biomarkers, and long-term follow-up.

neuroblastoma · neuroblastoma

MONDO:0005072Public QA completeSource-bound · 4

Disease at a glance

Start with the essentials, then explore the patient and research views.

Public revision · 311c7e223a05

Disease class: Neuroblastoma is a childhood solid cancer that begins in immature nerve cells developing into the sympathetic nervous system.
Core mechanism: Tumors are often found in the adrenal glands and can also begin in nerve tissue in the abdomen, chest, neck, or near the spine.
Genes or cause: Molecular features including MYCN amplification and ALK alterations inform risk assessment and research strategies.
Typical features: An abdominal mass, pain, bone pain, and changes around the eyes can vary with tumor location and spread.
Variability: Age, stage, histologic features, and molecular markers are combined to classify low-, intermediate-, and high-risk disease.
Diagnosis: Diagnosis can include blood and urine tests, imaging, tumor biopsy, and bone marrow evaluation when indicated.
Management: Treatment varies by risk group, from observation or surgery to multimodal therapy that may include chemotherapy, radiation, and immunotherapy.
Treatment and research: High-risk neuroblastoma is managed with a staged strategy spanning induction, local control, consolidation, and maintenance.
Reading evidence: Outcomes differ substantially by risk group and tumor biology, so population averages cannot predict an individual's prognosis.
Key caution: Long-term follow-up addresses recurrence and late effects involving growth, hearing, endocrine function, and neurocognition.

A structured guide for understanding the disease and preparing for clinical conversations.

Neuroblastoma is a childhood solid cancer that begins in immature nerve cells developing into the sympathetic nervous system.

An abdominal mass, pain, bone pain, and changes around the eyes can vary with tumor location and spread.

Tumors are often found in the adrenal glands and can also begin in nerve tissue in the abdomen, chest, neck, or near the spine.

Molecular features including MYCN amplification and ALK alterations inform risk assessment and research strategies.

Age, stage, histologic features, and molecular markers are combined to classify low-, intermediate-, and high-risk disease.

Diagnosis can include blood and urine tests, imaging, tumor biopsy, and bone marrow evaluation when indicated.

Treatment varies by risk group, from observation or surgery to multimodal therapy that may include chemotherapy, radiation, and immunotherapy.

High-risk neuroblastoma is managed with a staged strategy spanning induction, local control, consolidation, and maintenance.

Trials evaluate targeted therapies, immunotherapies, radiopharmaceuticals, and strategies for relapsed or refractory disease.

Clinical discussions distinguish the basis for risk assignment, the purpose of each treatment phase, and expected short- and long-term effects.

This material is for disease education and is not a personal diagnosis or treatment instruction.

A trial registry status does not establish efficacy or regulatory approval.